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ChlorideHCL Acid Lactic Acidml See RA below Sparge Water Adjustments Mash Water Very BitterBitterBalancedMalty Very MaltyBest for this color this styleEZ Water Adjustment Spreadsheet Chloride to Sulfate RatioResidual Below .50 = .50 to .77 = .77 to 1.3 = 1.3 to 2.0 = Above 2.0 = (ppm = mg/L)Starting WaterResultsStarting Water Profile:Volumes/Dilution:Recommended Range: http://iam.homebrewtalk.com/-TH-Created by: THSO4-2Na+1Cl-1 Beer StylePilsen Pilsener Dortmund Export LagerVienna Vienna LagerMunich OktoberfestLondon British Bitter Edinburgh Scottish AleBurton India Pale AleDublin Dry StoutHCO3-1Mg+2Ca+2NaClNon-Iodized Salt (SO4 ppm)CaCO3CaSO4CaCl2MgSO4NaHCO3 (CaCO3 ppm) Bicarbonate (HCO3 ppm) Alkalinity (CaCO3 ppm)Water Profiles (for reference)Custom1Custom2Custom3Custom4Target Profile (optional)Ca:Mg:Na:Cl:SO4:Dilution Rate:CaCO3:CaSO4:CaCl2:MgSO4:NaHCO3:NaCl: HCL Acid: Lactic Acid:RA Cl to SO4-This page can be used for copying and pasting Instructions:For more information about how this works and why, I highly recommend reading John Palmer's entire chapter on water found here: 0http://www.howtobrew.com/section3/chapter15.htmlSparge Additions (add to boil):Mash Water Profile:Mash + Sparge Water Profile: (Mash+Sparge) (Mash only)50 - 15010 - 300 - 1500 - 25050 - 350Version 1.5 (10-28-09)The recommended mineral ranges, RA to SRM recommendations, and Cl to SO4 ratio recommendations are all based on John Palmer's RA spreadsheet and pH nomograph.Adj for Sparge Water? (y/n):First enter your starting water profile and volumes. Then take a look at the calculated Residual Alkalinity (RA) and determine which way you need to adjust it based on the SRM of your recipe (low RA is needed for lighter color beers, high RA for darker color beers). To increase RA, increase carbonates by adding CaCO3 and/or NaHCO3. To decrease RA, increase Ca and/or Mg by adding CaSO4, CaCl2, and/or MgSo4. Acids will also lower RA. When choosing salts to adjust RA, watch how they affect the Cl to SO4 ratio as well as individual mineral levels so that those stay or move to where you want them to be (i.e. within recommended ranges or close to target city profiles). The spreadsheet also calculates the salt additions for sparge water (if boxes are checked) in order to keep mineral levels of your total water (mash + sparge) consistent with your mash water. You may choose not to adjust certain salts for sparge water in order to keep some minerals lower in the total water. 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